Jean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development - 1641 Words

Jean Piaget (1936), was a developmental psychologist from Switzerland. He was known to be one of the first psychologists to study cognitive development. His contributions include an in depth theory of cognitive child development. His studies include many detailed child observations and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal a child cognitive abilities. Before Piaget’s theory of development many psychologists believed that children were just less competent thinkers then adults. Piaget argues that this was in fact incorrect and children just thought differently to adults (simplypsychology.org). Piaget argued a child’s cognitive development occurred in four distinct and separate stages. The first stage was the sensori-motor stage†¦show more content†¦To test his theory of ego-centrism, Piaget and Inhelder (1956) developed a task known as ‘The Three Mountains Task’ (Berk, L 2012). The aim of this study was to find out what age a child is no longer ego-centric. The method used in this task was to ask children aged between 4 to 8 years to sit at a table with a model of 3 mountains placed in front of them. The model also showed a house, snow, bushes and a red cross. The children were asked to walk around the model and look at it from every angle. They were then asked to sit down. A doll was then place on the opposite side of the model to the children. The children was then shown 10 photographs of the model taken from different angles and asked which card showed the view of the doll. Piaget believed that if the child picked out the correct child they were not ego-centric. After completing the task Piaget and Inhelder found that the children aged 4 always chose the card that matched their own view. The children aged 6 were able to show some awareness of alternative perspectives. It was only the children aged between 7 and 8 years that could pick the correct card every time. Piaget concluded that ego-centrism ended at the age of 7 years (simplypsychology.org). It is also during the pre-operational that a child cannot develop or understand centration. This means they lack the ability to concentrate on more than one part of a

Negative Impact Of World Bank Structural Adjustment Program

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF WORLD BANK’S STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAM (SAP) IN GHANA INTRODUCTION: Writing about the negative impacts of The World Bank Structural Adjustment Program in Ghana, my country of origin is something I can do with my eyes closed, because being an ordinary Ghanaian, born and raised in Ghana, I do not need a research to know what these institutions have done to the developing countries they impose their ill intended programs on. Even the blind can feel hunger, lack of access to good health care, high tariffs on basic utilities such as electricity and water which is as a result of privatization. This paper is going to highlight on the negative impacts of the World Bank’s sponsored Structural Adjustment Program implemented by the government of Ghana from 1982 to 2008. STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAM 1982-2008 This is what a researcher could say about this program to paint the big picture for readers, â€Å"Clearly, the World Bank’s structural adjustment of Ghana is a textbook example of how to ruin a country. The ruthless denial of mineral wealth, food, medical care, education and even water has made the population destitute spectators to the plunder of Ghana by foreigners.† (Ismi. July, 2004). This program has been repackaged and renamed over the period under different government administrations but they say a decorated donkey is still an ass. At the beginning under the PNDC/NDC administration it was called The Structural Adjustment Program which aim wasShow MoreRelatedThe Structural Adjustment Program Project1001 Words   |  5 PagesThe structural adjustment program project is one project of the World Bank that created substantial problems for the assisted nation, which in this case is Burundi. 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However, there has been a huge negative impact on the conditions of local economy and agricultural productions, natural res ources, employment and the services of education and health care. This affects similarly to other developing nations who receive aids from these institutes and are affected by the structural adjustment policies (SAPs). The United NationsRead MoreInternational Monetary Fund ( Imf ) And World Bank1251 Words   |  6 PagesMonetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank are both international financial institutes that where formed in July 1944 by the United Nation in Bretton Woods, United States. They are sometimes referred to as The Bretton Woods Institutes. They are both landers of last resort and they both offer loans and help countries design policy programs to solve balance of payments problems when sufficient finance cannot be obtained by the country. 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The World Bank s focus is the provision of long-term loans to support development projects. The IMF concentrates on providing loans to stabilize countries with short-term financial crises Critics of the World Bank and IMF have argued that policies implemented by African Countries, intendedRead MoreImf And The World Bank896 Words   |  4 PagesIMF and the World Bank were created after World War II. Rebuilding nations after the war was costly and this burden needed to be shared amongst nations. With global adherence in its agenda, UK and USA proposed the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to help prevent nation in this rebuilding process. Having just experienced the Great Depression, they wanted a policy to help nations in certain crisis. One such policy was that countries that are in a financial crisis could request a short

Aung San Suu Ki free essay sample

After Aung San Lins death, the family moved to a house by  Inya Lake  where Suu Kyi met people of very different backgrounds, political views and religions. Suu Kyis mother,  Khin Kyi, gained prominence as a political figure in the newly formed Burmese government. She was appointed Burmese ambassador to  India  and  Nepal  in 1960, and Aung San Suu Kyi followed her there, she studied in the Convent of Jesus and Mary School, New Delhi and graduated from  Lady Shri Ram College  in New Delhi with a degree in politics in 1964. Suu Kyi continued her education at  St Hughs College, Oxford, obtaining a B. A. degree in  Philosophy, Politics and Economics  in 1969. She worked at the  United Nations  for three years, primarily on budget matters. She earned a PhD at the  School of Oriental and African Studies,  University of London  in 1985. She was elected as an Honorary Fellow in 1990. We will write a custom essay sample on Aung San Suu Ki or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For two years she was a Fellow at the Indian Institute of Advanced Studies (IIAS) in  Shimla, India. She also worked for the  government of the Union of Burma. Coincident with Aung San Suu Kyis return to Burma in 1988, the long-time military leader of Burma and head of the  ruling party, General  Ne Win, stepped down. Mass demonstrations for democracy followed that event on 8 August 1988 ,which were violently suppressed in what came to be known as the  8888 Uprising. On 26 August 1988, she addressed half a million people at a mass rally in front of the Shwedagon Pagoda  in the capital, calling for a democratic government. However in September, a  new military junta  took power. Influenced by both  Mahatma Gandhis philosophy of  non-violence and more specifically by Buddhist concepts, Aung San Suu Kyi entered politics to work for  democratization, helped found the  National League for Democracy  on 27 September 1988, but was put under  house arrest  on 20 July 1989. She was offered freedom if she left the country, she refused. One of her most famous speeches was Freedom From Fear, which began: It is not power that corrupts, but fear. Fear of losing power corrupts those who wield it and fear of the scourge of power corrupts those who are subject to it. She campaigned again and again to instill her countries faith in democracy and impose human right . She chose nonviolent paths to reach this goal that Burma too be a democratic country. HOUSE ARREST Aung San Suu Kyi has been placed under  house arrest  for 15 of the past 21 years, on different occasions, since she began her political career, during which time she was prevented from meeting her party supporters and international visitors. PRIZES Suu Kyi received the  Rafto Prize  and the  Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought  in 1990 and the  Nobel Peace Prize  in 1991. In 1992 she was awarded the  Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding  by the government of India and the  International Simon Bolivar Prize  from the government of Venezuela. In 2007, the Government of Canada made her an honorary citizen of that country; at the time, she was one of only four people ever to receive the honor. In 2011, she was awarded the  Wallenberg Medal.